Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an anionic surfactant with cleaning, emulsification, foaming and other properties. It is widely used in daily chemicals, medicine, food and other fields.

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Definition
Features
Applications
Qualifications
FAQs
Case Study
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What is Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate?

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an organic compound with a chemical formula of C₁₂H₂₅SO₄Na. It is a white or light yellow powder that is easily soluble in water and insensitive to alkali and hard water. It has cleaning, emulsification and excellent foaming power. It is an anionic surfactant with a biodegradability of >90%.

What are the Features of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate?

Strong Foaming Property

Foam height ≥180mm, fine and long-lasting foam.

Excellent Emulsification Ability

Significantly reduces oil-water interfacial tension and forms a stable O/W emulsion.

Strong Detergency

Efficient decontamination is achieved by encapsulating grease with micelles.

What are the Applications of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate?

Personal Care Products

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as a foaming agent and surfactant to provide rich foam and cleaning effects.

Industrial Use

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in emulsion polymerization and industrial use to control particle size.

Medicine and Scientific Research

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can be used as a detergent for protein electrophoresis, a drug emulsifier, and a cell lysis component.

Special Application

Sodium dodecyl sulfate can also be used as a fire extinguishing foam liquid.

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Question and Answer

Why does SDS make shampoo foam?

As an anionic surfactant, SDS can reduce the surface tension of water and form stable foam after air enters (the best effect is at a concentration of 0.5%-2%).

What is the principle of using SDS to lyse cells in the laboratory?

SDS inserts into the lipid layer of the cell membrane through the hydrophobic end, destroying the membrane structure (usually at a concentration of 1%) and denaturing and unfolding the protein.

Case Study

Growth Studies of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micelles

Quina, Frank H., et al. The Journal of Physical Chemistry 99.46 (1995): 17028-17031.

An equation was derived that predicts the size of alkyl sulfate micelles as a function of detergent or added counterion salt concentration. When applied to sodium dodecyl sulfate, the micelles are expected to vary as the 1/4 power of the total common counterion concentration in the aqueous phase, which is in good agreement with recent TRFQ and with measurements using a variety of techniques. The size behavior of other alkyl sulfates is predicted.

Apparent surface tension was determined using a surface tensiometer. Emission measurements were performed on air-equilibrated solutions using a fluorescence spectrometer. Aggregation number was determined using the method of Turro and Yekta.I6 Serial aliquots of a concentrated (0.2 M) stock solution of 9-methylanthracene in spectroscopic quality acetonitrile were added to an aqueous solution containing the emission probe sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the emission intensity after each addition was recorded.

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