Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate)

• CAS: 63409-12-1
• Catalog Number: ACM63409121
• Category: Main Products
• Molecular Weight: 1042.26
• Molecular Formula: C₅₃H₈₇NO₁₉
• Synonyms: Tylosin, 3-acetate 4B-(3-methylbutanoate);3-acetyl-4-isovaleryltylosin;ACETYLISOVALERYLTYLOSIN;TYLVALOSIN;3-O-Acetyl-4-O-isovaleryltylosin;Tyrosine [antibiotic]3-acetate 4-(3-methylbutanoate)
• IUPAC Name: Tylvalosin
• Boiling Point: 1005.4ºC at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 561.8ºC
• Density: 1.21g/cm³
• Appearance: Off-white to pale yellow solid
• Exact Mass: 1041.59000

Case Study

Tylvalosin: Anti-Inflammatory Effects and ALI Model via TLR4/NF-kB Pathway

Zhao, Zhanzhong, et al. Biochemical Pharmacology 90.1 (2014): 73-87.

Tylvalosin, a third-generation macrolide antibiotic derived from tylosin through 3-acetyl-4'-isovaleryl modification, possesses broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This study investigated whether tylvalosin exerts anti-inflammatory effects independent of its antimicrobial action, using LPS-stimulated macrophages, a mouse ALI model, and a PRRSV-challenged piglet model that mirrors human respiratory pathology.
Experimental Protocol: RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with tylvalosin (0.5-10 microg/mL) for 1h prior to LPS stimulation. Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha) and mediators (PGE2, NO) were quantified by ELISA and Griess assay. Intracellular ROS was measured by DCFH-DA fluorescence. In the mouse ALI model, ICR mice received intragastric tylvalosin (25-100 mg/kg) 2h before intraperitoneal LPS (15 mg/kg).
Performance Evaluation: Tylvalosin significantly reduced LPS-induced IL-8, IL-6, IL-1beta, PGE2, TNF-alpha, and NO production in a concentration-dependent manner. Intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation in lung tissues were markedly decreased. In the mouse ALI model, tylvalosin attenuated histopathological lung injury scores, reduced inflammatory cell recruitment and activation in BALF, and decreased pulmonary edema. Elevated PLA2 activity and increased expression of cPLA2-IVA, phosphorylated cPLA2-IVA, and sPLA2-IVE were lowered by tylvalosin. Mechanistically, tylvalosin attenuated IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and degradation, blocking NF-kappaB p65 nuclear translocation. In PRRSV-challenged piglets, tylvalosin attenuated lung lesion scores while maintaining normal temperature and improving growth performance, demonstrating translational relevance from cellular models to a clinically meaningful large-animal system.

Tylvalosin: UPLC-MS/MS Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Metabolite Profiling

Luo, Xianhai, et al. Veterinary Research Communications 50.2 (2026): 154.

Tylvalosin, a third-generation macrolide antibiotic, is widely used in swine production for controlling respiratory diseases. This study developed a robust UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of tylvalosin and its two key bioactive metabolites, desmycosin 3-acetate and tylosin 3-acetate, in swine plasma and tissues, and compared pharmacokinetic profiles of nine different formulations.
Experimental Protocol: Chromatographic separation used a Shimadzu Scepter Claris C18 column with gradient elution (0.01% acetic acid in water and acetonitrile). Detection employed multiple reaction monitoring with positive electrospray ionization. Swine (n=7 per group, nine groups) received formulations via intragastric administration at 150 mg/kg (Groups B-H) or 1500 mg/kg (Group I), or intravenously at 10 mg/kg (Group A). Blood was collected at 17 time points over 48h. Tissues were harvested at 48h post-administration.
Performance Evaluation: LLOQ was 2 ng/mL for tylvalosin and 0.2 ng/mL for metabolites. Among all formulations, Formulation I demonstrated the most favorable pharmacokinetic profile: highest absolute bioavailability (57.32%), longest elimination half-life (7.93h), greatest systemic exposure (AUC: 32,719.78 h*ng/mL), and delayed time to maximum concentration (3.14h). Dose-normalized metabolite exposures were also significantly higher for Formulation I. Tissue distribution analysis revealed preferential accumulation of tylvalosin and its metabolites in pulmonary and lymphatic tissues across all formulations, consistent with therapeutic targets for respiratory infections.

Tylvalosin: Subtherapeutic Effects on Swine Respiratory Microbiota Dysbiosis

Toledo, Leonardo Teófilo, et al. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2025.1 (2025): 8903237.

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the primary causative agent of enzootic pneumonia in swine. This study investigated subtherapeutic tylvalosin at 1.0625 mg/kg/day via feed for 7 days in pigs experimentally infected with the highly pathogenic UFV01 strain, and assessed impacts on the respiratory microbiome through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Experimental Protocol: Thirty female piglets aged 21 days were divided into three groups: G1 (negative control, n=2, sterile medium), G2 (positive control, n=14, intratracheally inoculated with 7mL UFV01 at 10^7 CCU/mL), and G3 (n=14, infected as G2 and treated with 1.0625 mg/kg/day tylvalosin via feed for 7 days from days 10-16 post-infection). This dose represented 50% of the regulatory recommended 2.125 mg/kg/day. Clinical signs, seroconversion, lung lesion scores, and bacterial load by qPCR were assessed.
Performance Evaluation: Both infected groups developed lung lesions consistent with enzootic pneumonia. Seroconversion rates differed markedly: 90.9% of G2 animals seroconverted by day 35 versus only 45.5% in G3, suggesting immunomodulation by tylvalosin. Respiratory microbiota analysis revealed profound dysbiosis in infected animals, with M. hyopneumoniae dominating at approximately 95% of reads and drastically reducing other taxa including Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Alpha diversity was significantly reduced in infected groups. Tylvalosin treatment partially restored alpha diversity and shifted microbiota toward controls but failed to eliminate M. hyopneumoniae or reverse the dysbiotic state. LEfSe analysis identified Variivorax, Ralstonia, and Pseudomonas as potential biomarkers for respiratory health and treatment response, highlighting the interplay between pathogen dominance, suboptimal antibiotic dosing, and microbiome resilience.

Custom Q&A

What is the molecular formula of Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate)?

The molecular formula is C53H87NO19.

What are some synonyms for Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate)?

Some synonyms include Tylvalosin (>90%), Tylosin, 3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate), Tylvalosin 1000 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, Tylosin, 3-acetate 4B-(3-methylbutanoate), Oxacyclohexadecane, tylosin deriv., and Acetylisovaleryltylosin.

What is the molecular weight of Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate)?

The molecular weight is 1042.3 g/mol.

How was the molecular weight computed?

The molecular weight was computed by PubChem 2.1.

When was Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate) created?

It was created on November 11, 2015.

When was Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate) last modified?

It was last modified on October 21, 2023.

What is the IUPAC name of Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate)?

The IUPAC name is [(2S,3S,4R,6S)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(4R,5S,6S,7R,9R,11E,13E,15R,16R)-4-acetyloxy-16-ethyl-15-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-5,9,13-trimethyl-2,10-dioxo-7-(2-oxoethyl)-1-oxacyclohexadeca-11,13-dien-6-yl]oxy]-4-(dimethylamino)-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyloxan-3-yl] 3-methylbutanoate.

What is the InChIKey of Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate)?

The InChIKey is YDZILMIEMZAEMM-UPOVQDEKSA-N.

How many hydrogen bond donor counts does Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate) have?

It has 3 hydrogen bond donor counts.

How many hydrogen bond acceptor counts does Tylosin,3-acetate 4b-(3-methylbutanoate) have?

It has 20 hydrogen bond acceptor counts.