Sulforhodamine B sodium salt is a versatile compound primarily used as a rhodamine dye. It is particularly known for its role in the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, a critical method for assessing in vitro cytotoxicity by staining live cells to evaluate cell proliferation and drug efficacy. This dye is soluble in water and ethanol, forming a bluish-red solution with yellow fluorescence, which makes it suitable for diverse applications. Notably, Sulforhodamine B sodium salt is utilized in environmental testing and as a microscopic tracer for assessing blood-brain barrier integrity. Moreover, its use extends to the field of dermatology, where it is employed in nonpermanent tattoos due to its vivid pigmentation. Additionally, research indicates its potential as a therapeutic agent for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome. In textile applications, this dye is used for dyeing wool, silk, and polyamide fibers, as well as for leather dyeing and fabric printing. Its properties make it an efficient caries detector dye, allowing for post mortem analysis of histological samples, and it is effective for evaluating the effect of mouthwashes on protein content in fibroblast cultures. With these diverse uses, Sulforhodamine B sodium salt is a valuable tool across multiple scientific and industrial domains.