Perillaldehyde,75%

• CAS: 2111-75-3
• Catalog Number: ALC-FP-2111753
• Category: Featured Products
• Molecular Weight: 150.22
• Molecular Formula: C10H14O
• Synonyms: 4-(1-Methylethenyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde
• Appearance: Liquid
• Sample Lot No.: A24C322E

Case Study

Perillaldehyde for the Regulation of Mitophagy-Associated Apoptosis and NLRP3-Mediated Inflammation in Osteoarthritis

Zhou Q, et al. International Immunopharmacology, 2025, 158, 114820.

Perillaldehyde was evaluated for its protective effects on chondrocytes using IL-1β-treated in vitro models and destabilized medial meniscus (DMM)-induced osteoarthritis rats. Chondrocyte viability and proliferation were quantified via CCK-8 and EdU assays, while apoptosis was assessed using TUNEL staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was monitored through JC-1 staining, and mitophagy markers LC3, NLRP3, and ASC were detected via immunofluorescence. Protein expression and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8) were analyzed by western blotting and ELISA. Perillaldehyde mitigated mitophagy-associated apoptosis, suppressed NLRP3-mediated inflammation, downregulated ALOX5, and inactivated NF-κB signaling, demonstrating its experimental application in attenuating OA progression.

Perillaldehyde for the Preservation of Refrigerated Beef Using Chitosan Nanoemulsion

Zhao S, et al. Food Chemistry: X, 2025, 29, 102658.

This study evaluated the application of perillaldehyde-loaded chitosan nanoemulsion (PA-CS) for enhancing the quality and microbial stability of fresh beef during 15-day refrigeration. Chitosan-gelatin solutions (0.5% chitosan, 2% gelatin) were homogenized with perillaldehyde and Tween 80, then processed via high-pressure homogenization (30 MPa, five cycles) to form a uniform nanoemulsion. Beef slices (3 × 3 × 1 cm) were immersed in PA-CS for 1 min and stored at 4 °C. The treatment effectively maintained pH, color, texture, and water-holding capacity while reducing lipid oxidation (TBARS 0.86 mg MDA/kg) and protein carbonyl content (1.47 nmol/mg). High-throughput sequencing confirmed significant modulation of microbial communities, demonstrating PA-CS's practical utility for meat preservation.

Perillaldehyde for the Experimental Mitigation of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Nrf2/Keap1/Trx2 Activation

Liu J, et al. Phytomedicine, 2025, 136, 156328.

Perillaldehyde was evaluated for its neuroprotective effects in rat tMCAO and neuronal OGD/R models simulating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Pretreatment with perillaldehyde significantly reduced cerebral infarction, improved neuromotor function, and decreased apoptosis in ischemic penumbra neurons. Mechanistically, perillaldehyde preserved mitochondrial ultrastructure and enhanced energy metabolism, as assessed by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and mitochondrial functional assays. Western Blot, RNA-seq, immunofluorescence staining, and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated activation of the Nrf2/Keap1/Trx2 signaling axis, promoting Trx2 transcription. Lentiviral interference of Nrf2/Trx2 partially reversed these effects, confirming the pathway's role. These results establish perillaldehyde as a potent experimental agent for restoring neuronal mitochondrial function post-ischemia.

Perillaldehyde for the Inhibition of HSP90AA1-Mediated Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis in Acute Kidney Injury

Liu S, et al. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2025, 304, 40954.

Perillaldehyde was evaluated for its protective effects against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury via modulation of HSP90AA1. Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance assays demonstrated high-affinity binding between perillaldehyde and HSP90AA1, inducing conformational changes that suppressed its activity. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed decreased HSP90AA1 expression and altered renal distribution. These experimental approaches collectively confirmed that perillaldehyde directly interacts with HSP90AA1, inhibiting ferroptosis and pyroptosis, thereby ameliorating renal injury. This study highlights perillaldehyde's mechanistic application as a molecular inhibitor in experimental models of kidney injury.