76-22-2 Purity
96.4% (GC)
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Specification
Chen S, et al. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2025, 684, 126150.
This study reports the development of a dual-responsive PNIPAM hydrogel incorporating ketoprofen-loaded, vinyl-functionalized microgels (MGVs) as both crosslinkers and drug carriers for controlled transdermal delivery. MGV microgels were synthesized via free-radical copolymerization of NIPAm and AAc, followed by esterification with HEMA using EDC/DMAP catalysis, and purified through dialysis and freeze-drying. Ketoprofen was loaded via solvent evaporation, with subsequent dispersion in deionized water and removal of aggregates by ultrafiltration. Drug loading efficiency was quantified by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, while methanol residues were analyzed using headspace GC. Mechanical reinforcement and dual-stimulus responsiveness were evaluated by varying MGV content and applying temperature and compressive strain. Ex vivo permeation and in vitro cytocompatibility assays confirmed enhanced ketoprofen release and tissue penetration, demonstrating the hydrogel's potential as a robust, dynamically regulated transdermal delivery system.
Sanka K, et al. Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy, 2025, 6(1), 83-90.
Colon-specific, pH-triggered ketoprofen-loaded microspheres (C-SKLMs) were prepared by dissolving 189.09 mg ketoprofen with 600 mg Eudragit® S-100 in an ethanol-dichloromethane mixture (7.5 mL each), followed by emulsification into 100 mL 1% w/v polyvinyl alcohol under 400 rpm stirring until solid microspheres formed. The microspheres were collected, rinsed, and desiccated at room temperature for 24 h. In vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluations were conducted using male albino Wistar rats (200-220 g), randomly assigned to six-animal groups. C-SKLMs demonstrated delayed Tmax (9.33 ± 1.63 h) and extended MRT (12.96 ± 1.42 h) compared with pure ketoprofen, indicating controlled, circadian-aligned release. Pharmacodynamic assessments confirmed enhanced efficacy in managing early morning RA symptoms. These findings highlight the experimental application of ketoprofen in C-SKLMs as a precise, colon-targeted, controlled-release system for temporally optimized anti-inflammatory therapy.
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