Bismuth aluminate

• CAS: 12284-76-3
• Catalog Number: ACM12284763
• Category: Main Products
• Molecular Weight: 385.92
• Molecular Formula: Al₃BiO₆
• Synonyms: trialuminium bismuth hexaoxide;Bismuth aluminate CP2000
• IUPAC Name: BISMUTH ALUMINATE
• Density: g/cm³
• Exact Mass: 388.91800

Case Study

Oxide-Ion Conductive, Phase-Stable and Hydrogen-Compatible Properties of Bismuth Aluminate

Bloom, I., Hash, M. C., Zebrowski, J. P., Myles, K. M., & Krumpelt, M. Solid State Ionics 53-56 (1992): 739-747.

The chemical composition, crystal structure and functional properties of bismuth aluminate compounds (Bi-Al-O system) and lanthanum-doped bismuth aluminate (La-Bi-Al-O system) were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microprobe analysis, AC impedance spectroscopy, and high-temperature conductivity measurements. The main bismuth aluminate phase was Bi2 Al4 O9 (orthorhombic, space group Pbam), with a crystal structure consisting of alternating (Bi2 Al2 O5 )2+ and (AlO2 )- layers. Doped derivatives included La1-x Bix AlO3 (x=0.1-0.4) and Zn-doped variants (5 m/o Zn²⁺ substituting Al³⁺), forming multi-phase systems with minor Bi24 Al2 O39 and solid-solution phases.
Bismuth aluminate exhibited significant oxide-ion conductive activity: pure Bi2 Al4 O9 achieved a conductivity of ~10-2Ω-1cm-1 at 800°C in an oxygen gradient (3-3.5 vol% water vapor), with an ionic transference number of 0.65±0.05 and activation energy of 2.4 eV. Lanthanum-bismuth-aluminum oxides showed enhanced conductivity: Zn-doped La0.6 Bi0.4 AlO3 (material D') reached ~10-1Ω-1cm-1 at 800°C, an order of magnitude higher than yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). The conductivity was temperature-dependent: undoped La1-x Bix AlO3 (x=0.2-0.4) showed conductivities ranging from 5.5×10-3 to 1.6×10-2Ω-1cm-1 at 800°C, with nonlinear Arrhenius plots indicating phase-dependent transport. Additionally, bismuth aluminates demonstrated phase stability at 500-800°C and potential hydrogen compatibility-critical for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) applications-with no significant degradation in humidified gas environments. These studies demonstrate that bismuth aluminate possesses significant oxide-ion conductive, phase-stable, and hydrogen-compatible properties.
The in vitro oxide-ion conductivity was investigated using AC impedance spectroscopy (65 kHz-100 mHz) in a humidified oxygen gradient cell (100% vs. 0.1%/0.01% O₂). Pellets (2.86 cm diameter, 0.2-0.4 cm thick) were sintered at 1050-1600°C, with Pt/Pt-Ag/Ag electrodes applied. Conductivity was calculated from complex impedance plots, and ionic transference numbers were derived from EMF comparisons. Crystal structure and phase composition were characterized via XRD, electron microprobe analysis, and metallographic examination. The results verified that Bi2 Al4 O9 and La-Bi-Al-O compounds exhibit sufficient conductivity for low-temperature SOFC operation (500-800°C), outperforming conventional YSZ at reduced temperatures.

Strontium-Doped Defect-Engineered, Oxygen-Vacancy-Rich and Tri-Cluster-Forming Properties of Bismuth Aluminate

Gesing, T. M., Schowalter, M., Weidenthaler, C., Murshed, M. M., Nenert, G., Mendive, C. B., Curti, M., Rosenauer, A., Buhl, J.-C., Schneider, H., & Fischer, R. X. Journal of Materials Chemistry 22.36 (2012): 18814-18823.

The chemical composition, crystal structure modification, and defect-related properties of strontium-doped bismuth aluminate (mullite-type (Bi1-x Srx )2 Al4 O9-x ) were studied using neutron/X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), 27Al multi-quantum magic-angle spinning (3QMAS) NMR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. The primary phase was (Bi0.94 Sr0.06 )2 Al4 O8.94 (orthorhombic, space group Pbam), with strontium homogeneously substituting bismuth in the lattice and oxygen vacancies formed for charge balance. Key structural features included rearranged Al2 O7 double tetrahedra and newly formed Al3 O10 tri-clusters.
Strontium-doped bismuth aluminate exhibited significant oxygen-vacancy engineering effects: substitution of Bi3+ with Sr2+ (x=0.06) created targeted oxygen vacancies at the O3 site (bridging Al2 O7 tetrahedra), with an occupancy of 0.94 for O3 (vs. full occupancy in undoped Bi2 Al4 O9 ). This defect formation drove the transformation of Al2 O7 double tetrahedra into Al3 O10 tri-clusters, confirmed by 27Al 3QMAS NMR (resonance at 46.8 ppm assigned to Al*O4 tri-cluster sites). The material demonstrated structural stability over thermal cycles (298-1173 K) with thermal expansion coefficients of 5.24×10-6 K-1 (a-axis), 8.96×10-6 K-1 (b-axis), 7.69×10-6 K-1 (c-axis), and 22.0×10-6 K-1 (volume). XPS verified the preservation of Bi3+ valence state (4f₇/₂=158.5 eV, 4f₅/₂=163.8 eV) and homogeneous Sr distribution (Sr/Bi=0.06(1)) in the bulk and surface. Additionally, DFT calculations revealed stereochemically active Bi3+ 6s² lone electron pairs, influencing oxygen migration pathways. These studies demonstrate that strontium-doped bismuth aluminate possesses significant strontium-doped defect-engineered, oxygen-vacancy-rich, and tri-cluster-forming properties.
The in vitro structural and defect characterization was conducted via combined Rietveld refinement of neutron/X-ray diffraction data (room temperature) to confirm lattice parameters (a=771.25(3) pm, b=810.18(3) pm, c=568.96(2) pm) and oxygen vacancy occupancy. TEM-EDX mapping verified homogeneous Sr distribution, while 27Al 3QMAS NMR identified tri-cluster formation. XPS analyzed surface/ bulk composition and cation valence states. Thermal stability was evaluated via temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction (298-1273 K) with heating/cooling cycles. DFT calculations (PW-GGA functional) predicted lone electron pair orientations and charge density distributions. The results verified that strontium doping efficiently introduces targeted oxygen vacancies and modifies aluminum coordination, providing a basis for tuning ionic conductivity in solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes.

High-Tₙ Ferroelectric, Piezoelectric and Dielectric Properties of Bismuth Aluminate

Zylberberg, J., Belik, A. A., Takayama-Muromachi, E., & Ye, Z.-G. Chemistry of Materials 19.26 (2007): 6385-6390.

The chemical composition, crystal structure and functional properties of bismuth aluminate (BiAlO3 , BAO) were studied using high-pressure synthesis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dielectric spectroscopy, polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis measurements, and piezoelectric coefficient testing. The BiAlO3 ceramic crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric rhombohedral structure (space group R3c) with lattice parameters and α=59.25∘ (rhombohedral axes) or , (hexagonal axes), and consists of Bi3+ and AlO6 octahedral units as core structural components.
Bismuth aluminate exhibited significant high-temperature ferroelectric activity: it maintained ferroelectricity with a Curie temperature (TC ) > 520°C, as evidenced by preserved piezoelectricity (piezoelectric coefficient d33 =25 pC/N) after heating at 520°C for 15 minutes. The room-temperature remnant polarization (Pr ) was 9.5 μC/cm2, which increased with temperature to 26.7 μC/cm2 at 225°C due to enhanced dipole switchability. It demonstrated notable piezoelectric properties: after poling at 225°C under 21 kV/cm, the room-temperature d33 reached 28 ± 1 pC/N, significantly higher than the 7 ± 0.4 pC/N measured after room-temperature poling. Additionally, BiAlO3 showed favorable dielectric properties: the dielectric constant (ϵ') ranged from 94.2 to 142 over 10-10⁶ Hz at 25°C, with a loss tangent (tanδ) < 0.05 at frequencies ≥ 10 kHz. The P-E hysteresis loops exhibited squareness comparable to lead-free ferroelectrics like BiFeO3 (BFO) and SrBi2 Ta2 O9 (SBT), confirming binary polarization states suitable for memory applications. These studies demonstrate that bismuth aluminate possesses significant high-TC ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties.
The in vitro ferroelectric and dielectric properties were investigated using a Radiant Technologies RT66A ferroelectric test system (P-E hysteresis, 9.7 Hz) and a NovoControl broadband dielectric spectrometer (10-10⁶ Hz, -130 to 350°C). Piezoelectric coefficient d33 was measured with an IACAS ZJ-6B piezo meter after poling under different temperature-field regimes. Structural characterization included SEM (average grain size 10 ± 3 µm, good densification) and X-ray diffraction (rhombohedral R3c symmetry). Thermal stability was evaluated by heating poled samples at 520°C and remeasuring d33 to confirm TC >520∘C. The results verified that BiAlO3 is a high-performance lead-free ferroelectric with properties competitive to BFO and SBT, suitable for high-temperature memory and micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) applications.

Photocatalytic, Ferromagnetic and Green-Synthesized Nanostructural Properties of Bismuth Aluminate

Rahnamaeiyan, S., & Talebi, R. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics (2015).

The chemical composition, nanostructural characteristics and functional properties of bismuth aluminate (Bi2 Al4 O9 ) nanoparticles were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The nanoparticles were synthesized via a green sol-gel method using Bi(NO3 )3 ⋅5H2 O and Al(NO3 )3 ⋅9H2 O as precursors, with starch serving as a natural capping agent, reducing agent, and template-no external surfactants or toxic chemicals were added. The pure orthorhombic Bi2 Al4 O9 (space group Pbam, JCPDS No. 25-1048) nanoparticles exhibited a spherical morphology with a particle size of 50-55 nm and crystallite diameter of 40 nm (calculated via Scherrer equation).
Bismuth aluminate nanoparticles exhibited significant photocatalytic activity: under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, they degraded methyl orange (MO) by 65% within 60 minutes. The photocatalytic mechanism involved photon-induced generation of electron-hole (e--h+) pairs, which reacted with H2 O and O2 to form hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) and superoxide anions (O2⋅- )-these reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidized MO into non-toxic degradation products. The nanoparticles demonstrated inherent ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature, with a saturation magnetization of 0.007 emu/g and coercivity of 75 Oe. Additionally, they possessed favorable optical properties: a UV-Vis absorption maximum at 373 nm and a direct optical band gap of 2.8 eV, which facilitated efficient light absorption and charge carrier separation. EDS analysis confirmed high purity, with only Bi, Al, and O elements detected (no N or C impurities from precursors/template). These studies demonstrate that green-synthesized bismuth aluminate nanoparticles possess significant photocatalytic, ferromagnetic, and green-synthesized nanostructural properties.
The in vitro photocatalytic activity was evaluated by monitoring the degradation of MO (0.0005 g in 150 mL solution) in the presence of 0.05 g Bi2 Al4 O9 nanoparticles under 400 W mercury lamp irradiation. MO concentration was quantified via UV-Vis spectroscopy at specific time intervals, with degradation rate calculated using absorbance values. Structural characterization included XRD (phase confirmation), SEM (morphology/particle size), and EDS (purity). Optical properties were analyzed via UV-Vis spectroscopy, and band gap was determined by plotting (αhv)2 versus photon energy (hv). Ferromagnetic behavior was measured via VSM at room temperature. The results verified that the green-synthesized Bi2 Al4 O9 nanoparticles are a promising eco-friendly photocatalyst for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment, with additional potential in magnetic nanodevice applications.

Custom Q&A

What is the molecular formula of Bismuth aluminate?

The molecular formula of Bismuth aluminate is AlBiO3.

What are the synonyms for Bismuth aluminate?

The synonyms for Bismuth aluminate are aluminum; bismuth; oxygen(2-), Wismut-aluminat, UNII-JB5Y63JDHJ, Trialuminium bismuth hexaoxide, and Diwismut-tris(tetraoxoaluminat).

What is the molecular weight of Bismuth aluminate?

The molecular weight of Bismuth aluminate is 283.960 g/mol.

When was Bismuth aluminate created?

Bismuth aluminate was created on August 8, 2005.

When was Bismuth aluminate last modified?

Bismuth aluminate was last modified on October 21, 2023.

What is the IUPAC name of Bismuth aluminate?

The IUPAC name of Bismuth aluminate is aluminum;bismuth;oxygen(2-).

What is the InChI of Bismuth aluminate?

The InChI of Bismuth aluminate is InChI=1S/Al.Bi.3O/q2*+3;3*-2.

What is the InChIKey of Bismuth aluminate?

The InChIKey of Bismuth aluminate is BDKUZSIDPZSPNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N.

What is the CAS number of Bismuth aluminate?

The CAS number of Bismuth aluminate is 12284-76-3.

How many hydrogen bond acceptor counts does Bismuth aluminate have?

Bismuth aluminate has 3 hydrogen bond acceptor counts.