244761-29-3 Purity
99%|99.9%|99.99%|99.999%
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Specification
Achieving highly stable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) requires a high-quality, inorganic-rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI). This case study examined the application of 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetramine Tetrahydrochloride (BHCL) as a novel, dual-function electrolyte additive designed to construct a LiCl-rich inorganic SEI layer, thereby improving lithium metal anode stability and overall battery performance.
Mechanism:
BHCL's structure enables synergistic effects: on one hand, BHCL's four high-donor-number amines have strong complexation affinity with Li+, which can bring BHCL near the Li metal surface; on the other hand, BHCL's phenyl group is electron-withdrawing, which will reduce its LUMO energy and thus increase the solvent stability; furthermore, free chloride ions in BHCL are incorporated into the solvation sheath, leading to the formation of a rigid, flat, and dense LiCl-rich SEI layer upon its decomposition.
Key Results:
Experimental results indicated the proposed theory and the positive effect of BHCL on LMB performance. Li||Li symmetric cells cycled for more than 2500 hours with ≈45 mV overpotential at 1 mA cm-2; Li||Cu cells delivered a high coulombic efficiency (CE) of 98.1% after 100 cycles at 0.5 mA cm-2; and the Li||LFP full cell also showed a significantly enhanced cycling stability and a reduced polarization.
The case study is a preclinical characterization of Y15 (1,2,4,5-benzenetetramine tetrahydrochloride), a selective and potent FAK inhibitor with antitumor activity for its in vivo pharmacokinetics, metabolic stability, and toxicity. The primary preclinical studies were carried out in mice.
Key Findings:
· Pharmacokinetics: Rapid absorption of Y15 was observed after IP administration (30 mg/kg). maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) is reached within 4.8 minutes.
· Metabolism: Mouse and human liver microsomes were used for metabolic stability studies. Y15 demonstrated rapid metabolic turnover. The observed half-life (t1/2) was 6.9 minutes in mouse liver microsomes and 11.6 minutes in human liver microsomes.
· Toxicity & Tolerability: Single-dose MTD (po) = 200 mg/kg. Multiple-dose MTD (po) = 100 mg/kg/day for 7 days. No mortality or statistically significant reduction in body weight was seen at 30 mg/kg (ip) for 28 days and 100 mg/kg (po) for 7 days. No drug-related clinically significant changes were seen in clinical chemistry, hematology, or histopathology of major organs at these doses and durations.
· This work established that 1,2,4,5-benzenetetramine tetrahydrochloride possesses a favorable initial safety and pharmacokinetic profile. Its rapid absorption and metabolism, combined with a well-tolerated dose range without significant toxicological findings.
The product name is 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetramine Tetrahydrochloride.
The IUPAC name is benzene-1,2,4,5-tetramine tetrahydrochloride.
The molecular weight is 284.01.
The appearance is a dark gray solid.
The purity is ≥95%.
It falls under CHN Containing Functional Groups category.
The synonyms are 1,2,4,5-Tetraaminobenzene tetrahydrochloride.
The melting point is ≥300°C.
The molecular formula is C6H2(NH2)4·4HCl.
The EC Number is 224-822-6.