Saponin

• Catalog Number: ACM8047152
• Product Name: Saponin
• CAS: 8047-15-2
• Category: Heterocyclic Organic Compound
• Synonyms: Quillaja saponin
• IUPAC Name: (2R,4S,5R,10S,13R,14R,18S,20R)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosane-20-carbaldehyde
• Molecular Weight: 414.62
• Molecular Formula: C27H42O3
• Canonical SMILES: C[C@]1(CCC23COC4([C@H]2C1)CC[C@@H]5[C@]6(CC[C@@H](C(C6CC[C@]5([C@@]4(C[C@H]3O)C)C)(C)C)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO7)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO8)O)O)O)O[C@@H]9[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O9)CO)O)O)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O)C)C=O
• InChI: InChI=1S/C58H94O27/c1-52(2)29-7-11-55(5)30(8-12-58-31-15-53(3,22-62)13-14-57(31,23-77-58)32(64)16-56(55,58)6)54(29,4)10-9-33(52)82-50-46(85-51-45(40(71)37(68)27(19-61)80-51)84-49-43(74)39(70)36(67)26(18-60)79-49)44(83-48-42(73)38(69)35(66)25(17-59)78-48)28(21-76-50)81-47-41(72)34(65)24(63)20-75-47/h22,24-51,59-61,63-74H,7-21,23H2,1-6H3/t24-,25-,26-,27-,28+,29?,30-,31+,32-,33+,34+,35-,36-,37-,38+,39+,40+,41-,42-,43-,44+,45-,46-,47+,48-,49-,50+,51+,53-,54+,55-,56+,57?,58?/m1/s1
• InChI Key: MAEBCGDGGATMSC-OSHGGGOQSA-N
• Melting Point: 158 °C
• Density: 1.015-1.020 g/ml
• Solubility: Soluble in cold water
• Appearance: Powder
• Assay: 0.99
• Complexity: 2340
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 31
• EC Number: 232-462-6
• Exact Mass: 1222.59824772
• Formal Charge: 0
• Hazard Statements: Xi
• Heavy Atom Count: 85
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 27
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 15
• Isomeric SMILES: C[C@]1(CCC23COC4([C@H]2C1)CC[C@@H]5[C@]6(CC[C@@H](C(C6CC[C@]5([C@@]4(C[C@H]3O)C)C)(C)C)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO7)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO8)O)O)O)O[C@@H]9[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O9)CO)O)O)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O)C)C=O
• Monoisotopic Mass: 1222.59824772
• Packaging: 1 kg
• Physical State: Solid
• Rotatable Bond Count: 14
• Safety Description: 26-37/39-36
• Shipping: Ambient temperature
• Storage Conditions: Room temperature
• Supplemental Hazard Statements: H319-H335
• Symbol: GHS07
• Topological Polar Surface Area: 422 Ų
• XLogP3-AA: -2.7

Custom Q&A

Where are saponins commonly found?

Saponins are widely distributed but found particularly in soapwort, the soapbark tree, and soybeans.

What are some uses of saponins?

Saponins are used in soaps, medicines, fire extinguishers, dietary supplements, synthesis of steroids, and in carbonated beverages.

How are saponins classified based on their chemical structure?

Saponins are classified as glycosides, which are sugars bonded to one or more organic molecules.

What is the amphipathic nature of saponins?

The amphipathic nature of saponins gives them activity as surfactants and potential ability to interact with cell membrane components.

How have saponins been used in vaccine development?

Saponins have been used as adjuvants in the development of vaccines, such as Quil A, to enhance their effectiveness and immune response.

What are the potential adverse effects of consuming large amounts of Quillaja?

Consuming large amounts of Quillaja can lead to liver damage, gastric pain, diarrhea, and other adverse effects.

How are saponins used to control ammonia emissions in animal feeding?

Saponins are used for their effects on ammonia emissions in animal feeding, helping to reduce the release of ammonia gases.

What is the chemical structure of saponins?

Saponins have a vast heterogeneity of structures, but they are formally made up of five-carbon isoprene units with various substituents, including sugars and other groups.

What kinds of molecules can attach to the base structure of saponins?

Molecules such as sugars (monosaccharides), organic acids, and other groups can attach to the base structure of saponins."