Buffer solutions play an essential role in maintaining a stable pH environment in biological, chemical, and pharmaceutical systems. To streamline and standardize the preparation of these solutions, the Buffer Calculator provides a scientifically robust and user-friendly platform that aids in calculating the precise mass of reagents required for desired buffer formulations.
This tool allows researchers to rapidly compute the necessary parameters for buffer preparation based on target volume, desired molarity, and buffer type.
Buffer Calculator
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Formula Weight (g/mol)
Desired Final Volume
Desired Concentration
Required mass:
Calculate MassReset
Underlying Scientific Principles
Molar Solution Calculation Formula
To determine the mass (in grams) of solute required to prepare a buffer solution: Mass (g) = Molarity (mol/L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol) × Volume (L) This fundamental stoichiometric equation ensures precise calculation of solute quantities necessary for molar buffer solutions.
Henderson–Hasselbalch Equation
The pH of a buffer solution is calculated using
pH = pKa + log([A−]/[HA])
Where:
pKa is the acid dissociation constant.
[A−] is the concentration of the conjugate base,
[HA] is the concentration of the acid.
This equation allows chemists to tailor buffer systems to a specific pH by adjusting the acid-to-base ratio. At equimolar concentrations of acid and base, pH = pKa, which corresponds to maximum buffering capacity.
