Product Name
Sodium chloride
Category
Metal & Ceramic Materials
Description
Sodium chloride, also known as salt or halite, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of seawater and of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms. In the form of edible or table salt it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. A second major consumer of sodium chloride is de-icing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.
Synonyms
sodium hydrochloride;Sodium chloride;
IUPAC Name
Sodium;chloride
Canonical SMILES
[Na+].[Cl-]
InChI
InChI=1S/ClH.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
InChI Key
FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Density
1.199 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.)
Solubility
Slightly soluble in ethanol
Appearance
White crystalline solid
Storage
Store at +15 °C to +30 °C
Color/Form
Colorless, transparent crystals or white, crystalline powder;Colorless and transparent or translucent when in large crystals;Colorless cubic crystals
Corrosivity
Sodium chloride solutions are corrosive to base metals
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
2
Decomposition
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrochloric acid and disodium oxide/.
Monoisotopic Mass
57.958622
Other Experimental
A 23% aqueous solution of sodium chloride freezes at -20.5 °C. ... Density of saturated aqueous solution at 25 °C is 1.202 ... Begins to volatilize at a little above its melting point. ... Its solubility is decreased by hydrogen chloride.;Somewhat hygroscopic;VP: 1 mm Hg at 865 °C;Specific heat = 0.853 J/g-k; hardness Mohs' scale: 2.5; critical humidity at 20 °C: 75.3%; heat of solution, 1 kg H₂O, 25 °C: 3.757 kJ/mol /Table/;Enthalpy of formation: -410.9 kJ/mol at 25 °C; Density of molten sodium chloride at 850 °C: 1.549 g/cu cm; latent heat of fusion: 0.52 kJ/g
Physical State
Colorless crystals
Refractive Index
n20/D 1.378
Stability
Stable under normal shipping and handling conditions.
Storage Conditions
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Topological Polar Surface Area
0 Ų
Vapor Pressure
1 mm Hg ( 865 °C)
Viscosity
Viscosity of saturated aqueous solution = 1.93 mPa-s
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