3-Hydroxypropionitrile

• CAS: 109-78-4
• Catalog Number: ACM109784
• Category: Other Products
• Molecular Weight: 71.08g/mol
• Molecular Formula: C3H5NO;HOCH2CH2CN;C3H5NO
• Description: Ethylene cyanohydrin is a colorless to yellow-brown liquid with a weak odor. Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999);COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID.
• IUPAC Name: 3-hydroxypropanenitrile
• SMILES: C(CO)C#N
• InChI: InChI=1S/C3H5NO/c4-2-1-3-5/h5H,1,3H2
• InChI Key: WSGYTJNNHPZFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Boiling Point: 442 °F at 760 mm Hg (slight decomposition) (NTP, 1992);221.0 °C;221 °C
• Melting Point: -51 °F (NTP, 1992);-46.0 °C;-46 °C;-46 °C
• Flash Point: greater than 265 °F (NTP, 1992);265 °F (129 °C) (Open cup);129 °C o.c.
• Density: 1.047 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);1.0404 @ 25 °C;Relative density (water = 1): 1.04
• Solubility: greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992);14.07 M;Miscible in ethanol; soluble in chloroform; slightly soluble in ethyl ether.;Miscible with acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, chloroform, and diethyl ether; insoluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and naphtha.;Miscible with acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl alcohol. Slightly sol in ether (2.3% w/w @ 15 °C). Insol in benzene, petr ether, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride.;In water, 1X10+6 mg/l @ 20 °C;Solubility in water: miscible
• Application: 3-Hydroxypropionitrile serves multiple roles across various industrial and research applications due to its unique chemical structure and properties. As an aliphatic nitrile featuring a hydroxyl group at the beta-carbon, its electronegative nature allows for diverse interactions and reactions. It acts as a polar solvent, helping to study phospholipid orientation at solvent surfaces. In the realm of renewable energy, it's utilized in solid-state composite electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells. In synthetic chemistry, it aids in carboxyl protection during peptide synthesis. Historically, it was crucial for acrylonitrile and acrylic acid production, though these methods are now outdated. Nevertheless, its solvency is beneficial for cellulose esters, inorganic salts, basic dyes, and nitrocellulose propellants, lending it utility in both dyeing and propellant curing processes. Furthermore, it functions as a selective solvent for removing acidic gases from various streams and contributes to the preparation of β-alanine and road construction through its fixative capabilities. Its applications reflect its versatile and stabilizing nature, rendered by the intermolecular forces at play within its structure.
• Autoignition Temperature: 922 °F (USCG, 1999);922 °F (494 °C);494 °C
• Color/Form: WATER-WHITE LIQUID;Straw-colored liquid
• Complexity: 51.2
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
• Decomposition: WHEN HEATED OR ON CONTACT WITH ACID OR ACID FUMES, IT EMITS HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF CYANIDES.;228 °C
• EC Number: 203-704-8
• Exact Mass: 71.037114g/mol
• Formal Charge: 0
• H-Bond Acceptor: 2
• H-Bond Donor: 1
• Heavy Atom Count: 5
• ICSC Number: 1026
• LogP: -0.94 (LogP);log Kow= -0.94;-0.94
• Monoisotopic Mass: 71.037114g/mol
• NSC Number: 2598
• Refractive Index: Index of refraction: 1.4248 @ 20 °C/D
• Rotatable Bond Count: 1
• RTECS Number: MU5250000
• UNII: 7V8108WN46
• UN Number: 2810
• Vapor Density: 2.5 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air);2.45 (AIR= 1);Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.45
• Vapor Pressure: 0.08 mm Hg at 77 °F ; 20 mm Hg at 243° F (NTP, 1992);0.08 mmHg;0.08 MM HG @ 25 °C;Vapor pressure, Pa at 25 °C: 10.7
• XLogP3: -0.9