Organofluorine / Alfa Chemistry
Triethylamine Trihydrofluoride

Triethylamine Trihydrofluoride

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Triethylamine Trihydrofluoride
Catalog OFC73602616-2
CAS 73602-61-6
Category Nucleophilic Fluorination Agents
Synonyms Triethylammonium Fluoride; N,N-Diethylethanamine Trihydrofluoride
Purity >95.0%(T)
MDL Number MFCD00043294
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Other Identifiers Chemical Data Computational Chemistry Health Safety
IUPAC Name N,N-diethylethanamine;trihydrofluoride
InChI InChI=1S/C6H15N.3FH/c1-4-7(5-2)6-3;;;/h4-6H2,1-3H3;3*1H
InChI Key IKGLACJFEHSFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Isomeric SMILES CCN(CC)CC.F.F.F
EC Number 249-702-0
Reaxys Registry Number 5522945
Molecular Formula C6H15N·3HF
Molecular Weight 161.21
Appearance Colorless to red to green clear liquid
Solubility Soluble in water
Storage Store under inert gas
Stability Hygroscopic
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4
Rotatable Bond Count 3
Exact Mass 161.13913406 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass 161.13913406 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area 3.2Ų
Heavy Atom Count 10
Formal Charge 0
Complexity 25.7
HS Number 2921.19.1100
Case Study

Application of Triethylamine Trihydrofluoride in the Electrochemical Synthesis of Fluorothioformates

eFluorination for the Rapid Synthesis of Fluorothioformates from Oxalic Acid Monothioesters Pulikkottil F, et al. Organic Letters, 2025.

Triethylamine trihydrofluoride (Et₃N·3HF) was employed as a key reagent in a newly developed electrochemical protocol for synthesizing fluorothioformates from oxalic acid monothioesters. The method involves anodic decarboxylation under mild electrochemical conditions, generating alkyl (oxomethylidene)sulfonium intermediates in situ. Triethylamine trihydrofluoride functions both as a nucleophilic fluoride donor and as a supporting electrolyte, efficiently capturing these reactive intermediates to form the targeted fluorothioformate derivatives. Electrolysis was conducted under constant current, and the reaction conditions were optimized to allow rapid and scalable product formation without loss of efficiency. The methodology was further demonstrated to be versatile by converting the synthesized fluorothioformates into S-thiocarbamates and urea derivatives in a single-pot operation with amines.

Application of Triethylamine Trihydrofluoride in the Electrochemical Oxidation and Preliminary Electrofluorination Studies

Voltammetric behavior of triethylamine trihydrofluoride and anisole in acetonitrile as a first approach of studies for electro-fluorination of some adducts Ciumag M.R., et al. Electrochimica Acta, 2012, 70, 142-152.

In this study, the electrochemical behavior of triethylamine trihydrofluoride was systematically investigated to assess its potential as a fluorinating agent in anodic fluorination processes. Voltammetric analyses were conducted using a platinum electrode in acetonitrile, focusing on the oxidation kinetics of both triethylamine trihydrofluoride and anisole. Key kinetic parameters, including diffusion coefficients, anodic electron transfer coefficients, and apparent intrinsic heterogeneous electron transfer constants, were determined under varying concentrations of triethylamine trihydrofluoride. Notably, concentration-dependent variations in electrochemical behavior were observed. Furthermore, preliminary anodic fluorination experiments were performed using dimethoxyethane (DME) and anisole as substrates. While successful electrofluorination of DME was demonstrated, anisole showed no fluorination under the same conditions in an electrochemical microreactor. This work highlights the applicability of triethylamine trihydrofluoride in electrochemical fluorination studies, particularly emphasizing the importance of substrate selection and reaction conditions.

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