Gramicidin c

• CAS: 113-73-5
• Catalog Number: ACM113735
• Category: Main Products
• Molecular Weight: 1141.45
• Molecular Formula: C₆₀H₉₂N₁₂O₁₀
• Synonyms: GRAMICIDIN C;GRAMICIDIN S;HCO-X-GLY-L-ALA-D-LEU-L-ALA-D-VAL-L-VAL-D-VAL-L-TRP-D-LEU-L-PHE-D-LEU-L-TRP-D-LEU-L-TRP-NHCH2CH₂OH;Cyclo(L-Leu-D-Phe-L-Pro-L-Val-L-Orn-L-Leu-D-Phe-L-Pro-L-Val-L-Orn-);Cyclo(L-Val-L-Orn-L-Leu-D-Phe-L-Pro-L-Val-L-Orn-L-Leu-D-Phe-L-Pro-);Gramicidin S1;Gramicidin S-A;Soviet Gramicidin C
• IUPAC Name: gramicidin S
• Boiling Point: 1394.8ºC at 760mmHg
• Flash Point: 797.4ºC
• Density: 1.24g/cm³
• Exact Mass: 1140.71000

Case Study

Multifaceted Antibacterial Mechanisms of Gramicidin S

Wenzel, Michaela, et al. MBio, 2018, 9(5), 10-1128.

Gramicidin S is a peptide antibiotic. Bacterial cytology analysis methods were used to explore the action mechanism of gramicidin S in killing bacteria.
Antibacterial mechanism of gramicidin S
· Cell wall integrity: At 1× MIC, gramicidin S treatment did not cause cell lysis but completely stopped further growth. At 2× MIC, gramicidin S treatment resulted in cell lysis and no regeneration was observed. This cell lysis suggests that gramicidin S affects cell wall integrity to some extent.
· Membrane Permeability: Gramicidin S showed no pore-forming ability in this system. The slow and incomplete depolarization of gramicidin S indicates a rather limited increase in passive membrane permeability.
· Membrane protein localization: Gramicidin S was shown to reduce ATP levels in Bacillus subtilis. Its effect on cellular ATP levels may be due to delocalization of cytochrome c and partial membrane depolarization.
· Protein delocalization: Gramicidin S delocalizes peripheral membrane proteins involved in cell division and cell envelope synthesis but does not affect intact membrane proteins or DNA.