F-53B is a chemical compound that consists of a potassium cation (K+) and an anionic molecule with a long perfluorinated carbon chain.
Fluorinated Compound Product List
| CAS | Product Name | Inquiry |
| 103229-89-6 | Perfluoro(4-methylpent-2-enoic acid) | Inquiry |
| 108427-52-7 | Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid tetrabutylammonium salt | Inquiry |
| 113506-82-7 | Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulphonic acid | Inquiry |
| 123334-02-1 | Perfluoroadipic acid hydrate | Inquiry |
| 125037-08-3 | Perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoyl) fluoride,(Hexafluoropropen oxide dimer) | Inquiry |
| 13140-35-7 | Perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexan)amide,95 % | Inquiry |
| 132248-58-9 | Perfluoro-1,1-dihydroethanol | Inquiry |
| 13252-14-7 | Perfluoro-2,5-dimethyl-3,6-dioxanonanoic acid | Inquiry |
Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) have gradually attracted people's attention due to their widespread presence in nature. Currently, the ban on PFOA and PFOS has led to the emergence of their new alternatives, GenX, F-53B and OBS. The concentration levels, source pathways and control methods of PFAS (i.e. PFOA, PFNA, PFBA, PFOS, PFHxS and PFBS) and three alternatives GenX, F-53B and OBS in groundwater have been reported. Reported data show that the concentration range of PFOA, PFBA, PFOS and PFBS is 0-21200 ng L-1, while the concentration range of GenX and F-53B is 0-3000ng L-1 and 0.18-0.59 ng L-1 respectively. . The direct sources of PFAS in groundwater are mainly surface water and soil infiltration. The control methods of PFAS currently studied mainly include membrane filtration, redox, adsorption, electrochemistry and photocatalysis. Generally speaking, photocatalysis is considered an ideal method to deal with PFAS due to its low energy consumption and high degradation efficiency. Photocatalysis can be combined with electrochemistry or membrane filtration, giving it greater processing advantages. In addition, GenX, F-53B and OBS all have good removal rates in the UV/sulfite system and electrochemical oxidation treatment of groundwater.
Direct sources of PFAS include surface water and soil infiltration, and indirect sources include atmospheric deposition and precipitation from snow and ice. Other sources may include releases of related materials such as photographs, non-stick cookware, pesticides, shampoo, paint and fast food packaging. In addition, emissions from PFAS production plants are also an important point source of pollution causing environmental accumulation of PFAS. Eventually, PFAS in groundwater will be extracted and transported to water plants as raw water for tap water.
As alternatives to PFOA and PFOS, the transport and transformation of GenX, F-53B and OBS in the environment has not been systematically investigated. In previous studies, GenX was detected in environmental media in groundwater, soil, surface water and drinking water. At the same time, GenX has also been detected in human urine and blood. Likewise, F-53B has been detected in environmental groundwater, river waters, seawater, sediments and fish, and even in human blood. It can be seen that GenX and F-53B also have environmental enrichment capabilities.
According to studies, membrane filtration can repel up to 90-99% of PFAS. However, membrane fouling and poor water flux are prone to occur during membrane filtration, which will reduce membrane performance over time. High pressure and PFOA concentration increase removal efficiency but increase operating costs.
Researchers have reported a process for a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system, which consists of a graphene oxide-titanium dioxide (GOP25) anode covered on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, for the removal of PFOA and PFOS in water. This system uses FTO as the anode matrix, graphene oxide (GO) as the universal carrier, and TiO2 as the electrocatalyst. At the same time, the potential on the anode can suppress the recombination of photoelectron pairs. As a result, the concentrations of PFOA and PFOS decreased significantly within 4 h and 3 h, and the removal rates were 98.2% and 98% respectively.
In addition, some researchers have proposed a method that combines membrane filtration and photocatalysis to remove PFOA from groundwater. After membrane filtration, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is used as a catalyst for photocatalytic degradation. Then, ultrafiltration is used to remove nanoparticles during the photocatalytic process. In actual groundwater treatment applications, the removal rate of PFOA was 99.62%, and the removal rate of the remaining part was 59.64%. Therefore, this proves that photocatalysis can be combined with membrane filtration to effectively remove PFAS pollutants from water bodies before being discharged into the environment.
