Glycerol

• Catalog Number: ACM56815
• Product Name: Glycerol
• CAS: 56-81-5
• Category: Heterocyclic Organic Compound
• Description: Glycerol (also called glycerine or glycerin; see spelling differences) is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. The glycerol backbone is found in all lipids known as triglycerides. It is widely used in the food industry as a sweetener and humectant and in pharmaceutical formulations. Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature.
• Synonyms: Glycerin(mist)
• IUPAC Name: Propane-1,2,3-triol
• Molecular Weight: 92.09
• Molecular Formula: C3H8O3
• Canonical SMILES: C(C(CO)O)O
• InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2
• InChI Key: PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Boiling Point: 290 °C
• Melting Point: 20 °C(lit.)
• Flash Point: 320 °F
• Density: 1.25 g/mL(lit.)
• Solubility: Insoluble in fixed, volatile oils
• Appearance: Liquid
• Storage: 5-30 °C
• Complexity: 25.2
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• EC Number: 200-289-5
• Exact Mass: 92.047344113
• Formal Charge: 0
• Hazard Codes: F
• Hazard Statements: F,Xn
• Heavy Atom Count: 6
• HS Code: 2905450000
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
• Isotope Atom Count: 0
• LogP: -1.66810
• MDL Number: MFCD00004722
• Monoisotopic Mass: 92.047344113
• Physical State: Viscous liquid
• pKa: 14.15(at 25 °C)
• PSA: 6.69
• Refractive Index: n20/D 1.474(lit.)
• RIDADR: UN 1282 3/PG 2
• Rotatable Bond Count: 2
• Safety Description: 24/25-39-26
• Stability: Stable. Incompatible with perchloric acid, lead oxide, acetic anhydride, nitrobenzene, chlorine, peroxides, strong acids, strong bases. Combustible.
• Storage Conditions: 5-30 °C
• Supplemental Hazard Statements: H320-H225-H302+H312+H332-H315-H319
• Symbol: GHS02,GHS07
• Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.7 Ų
• Vapor Density: 3.1
• Vapor Pressure: <1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
• WGK Germany: 1

Custom Q&A

What is the molecular formula of glycerol?

The molecular formula of glycerol is C3H8O3.

What is the molecular weight of glycerol?

The molecular weight of glycerol is 92.09 g/mol.

What is the IUPAC name of glycerol?

The IUPAC name of glycerol is propane-1,2,3-triol.

What is the InChI of glycerol?

The InChI of glycerol is InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2.

What is the InChIKey of glycerol?

The InChIKey of glycerol is PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N.

What is the canonical SMILES of glycerol?

The canonical SMILES of glycerol is C(C(CO)O)O.

What is the CAS number of glycerol?

The CAS number of glycerol is 56-81-5.

What is the FEMA number of glycerol?

The FEMA number of glycerol is 2525.

What is the GlyTouCan Accession of glycerol?

The GlyTouCan Accession of glycerol is G50720WY, G35293BQ, G82462MI, G62832BV.

What is the KEGG ID of glycerol?

The KEGG ID of glycerol is D00028, C00116.

Case Study

Glycerol Eutectics as Sustainable Solvent Systems

Abbott, Andrew P., et al. Green Chemistry, 2011, 13(1), 82-90.

One of the limiting factors of glycerol's use as a bulk solvent is its high viscosity and high boiling point, making it difficult to separate the material by filtration or distillation. However, glycerol still has potential as a green solvent. For example, adding quaternary ammonium salts to glycerol can form a deep eutectic solvent (DES) and reduce the viscosity of the liquid. The mixture was shown to be useful in the purification of biodiesel. Furthermore, eutectic mixtures of glycerol and choline chloride (ChCl) have also shown potential as sustainable solvent systems.
Synthesis and Properties of Choline Chloride/Glycerol System
· DES are mixtures of hydrogen bond donors and simple halide salts, producing liquids with physical and solvent properties comparable to ionic liquids. Glycerol can act as a hydrogen bond donor in deep eutectic solvents.
· The eutectic mixture is formed by stirring the two components at approximately 80°C until a homogeneous colorless liquid forms.
· When ChCl is added to glycerol, the viscosity decreases significantly because the 3D intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions in glycerol are disrupted, resulting in a less ordered system.